_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="anchor.html">anchor</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="attlist.html">ATTLIST</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="attribute.html">attribute</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="attributename.html">attribute name</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="attributevalue.html">attribute value</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="cals.html">CALS</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="catalog.html">catalog</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="cdata.html">CDATA</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="cgm.html">CGM</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="character.html">character</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="child.html">child</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="connector.html">connector</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="content.html">content</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="contentmodel.html">content model</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="cost.html">CoST</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="costwish.html">costwish</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="datacharacter.html">data character</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="declaration.html">declaration</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="delimiter.html">delimiter</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="doctype.html">DOCTYPE</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="document.html">document</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="documentinstance.html">document instance</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="dsssl.html">DSSSL</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="dtd.html">DTD</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="element.html">ELEMENT</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="empty.html">EMPTY</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="endtag.html">end tag</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="entity.html">ENTITY</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="entityset.html">entity set</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="escape.html">escape</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="esis.html">ESIS</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="eventstream.html">event stream</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="fpi.html">FPI</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="generalentity.html">General Entity</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="gi.html">GI</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="hyperlink.html">hyperlink</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="hytime.html">HyTime</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="id.html">ID</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="idref.html">IDREF</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="ignore.html">IGNORE</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="implied.html">IMPLIED</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="include.html">INCLUDE</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="iso.html">ISO</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="litlen.html">LITLEN</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="markedsection.html">marked section</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="markup.html">Markup</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="meta.html">meta</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="mime.html">MIME</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="minimisation.html">minimisation</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="modelgroup.html">model group</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="namelen.html">NAMELEN</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="node.html">node</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="normalisation.html">normalisation</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="notation.html">NOTATION</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="occurrenceindicator.html">occurrence indicator</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="omittag.html">OMITTAG</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="parameterentity.html">Parameter Entity</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="parent.html">parent</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="parse.html">parse</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="pcdata.html">PCDATA</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="pi.html">PI</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="prolog.html">prolog</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="public.html">PUBLIC</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="referenceconcretesyntax.html">Reference concrete syntax</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="render.html">render</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="required.html">REQUIRED</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="root.html">root</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="sdata.html">SDATA</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="semantics.html">semantics</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="sgmlapplication.html">SGML application</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="sgmls.html">sgmls</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="shortref.html">SHORTREF</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="shorttag.html">SHORTTAG</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="sibling.html">sibling</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="starttag.html">start tag</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="stylesheet.html">stylesheet</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="subdoc.html">SUBDOC</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="subelement.html">subelement</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="syntax.html">syntax</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="sysid.html">SYSID</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="system.html">SYSTEM</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="tag.html">tag</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="tcl.html">tcl</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="tex.html">TeX</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="tk.html">tk</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="toc.html">TOC</A></LI>
_glossary.html:<LI><A HREF="traverse.html">traverse</A></LI>
anchor.html:one of two ends of a <A HREF="hyperlink.html">hyperlink</A>
attlist.html:(In a <A HREF="dtd.html">DTD</A>). A list of the allowed attributes for an <A HREF="element.html">ELEMENT</A>, along with possible values.
attribute.html:Qualifiers in a start-<A HREF="tag.html">tag</A> obeying the <A HREF="syntax.html">syntax</A>: attributeName="attributeValue" (the quotes are highly advisable in <A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A> in case the <A HREF="attributevalue.html">attribute value</A> contains non-SGML characters).  A tag may have several independent attributes, which must have been defined in an <A HREF="attlist.html">ATTLIST</A> statement in the <A HREF="dtd.html">DTD</A>.  Attributes may be #<A HREF="required.html">REQUIRED</A> by the DTD, or they may have #<A HREF="implied.html">IMPLIED</A> (default) values (also given in the ATTLIST statement).  The order of attributes in a tag in the <A HREF="document.html">document</A> instance is irrelevant.
attributename.html:The name of an <A HREF="attribute.html">attribute</A> (defined in the <A HREF="attlist.html">ATTLIST</A> statement in the <A HREF="dtd.html">DTD</A>).
attributevalue.html:The value of an <A HREF="attribute.html">attribute</A> (in, e.g. Name="some value").  If the attribute was given it will be the value within (but not including) the quotes. (If the quotes are omitted (deprecated) I think that leading/trailing whitespace is trimmed.  If the attribute is omitted, the value is determined by any default value given in the <A HREF="dtd.html">DTD</A>, else it is set to a null string ("").
cals.html:Computer-aided Acquisition and Logistics Support.  The US DoD's program for managing technical information.  CALS includes and <A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A> <A HREF="dtd.html">DTD</A> in which tables can be constructed.
catalog.html:A file which manages symbolic values of entities and FPIs.  Although it takes a little while to get used to it, it can be very valuable and I recommend its use.  It means, for example, that a <A HREF="doctype.html">DOCTYPE</A> can reference an <A HREF="fpi.html">FPI</A> rather than an actual file, making it easier to resolve this on a variety of systems.  You may need to edit your catalog file. <A HREF="sgmls.html">sgmls</A> will support an arbitrary number of catalogs.
cdata.html:(in <A HREF="attlist.html">ATTLIST</A> in <A HREF="dtd.html">DTD</A>).  An <A HREF="attribute.html">attribute</A> with a value of type CDATA can have any 'reasonable' <A HREF="character.html">character</A> data as long as it is quoted.  The type CDATA is transmitted to the <A HREF="esis.html">ESIS</A> stream.
cgm.html:Computer Graphics Metafile.  A graphics standard (<A HREF="iso.html">ISO</A> 8632) which is a major way of encapsulating graphics information in <A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A>.
character.html:A unit of information, e.g. a letter or digit.  Usually represented by 7 bits (e.g. in the <A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A> default <A HREF="declaration.html">declaration</A>), 8 bits (as in <A HREF="iso.html">ISO</A> latin sets) or 16 bits for non-latin languages.
child.html:An <A HREF="element.html">element</A> containing subelements corresponds to a <A HREF="node.html">node</A> with children (or subnodes).
connector.html:(In a <A HREF="content.html">content</A> model in a <A HREF="dtd.html">DTD</A>).  Subelements are connected by "|" (or), "," (<A HREF="required.html">required</A>, in sequence) or "" (required, in any order).  Brackets are used to form complex content models.
content.html:The part of a <A HREF="document.html">document</A> contained between a start-<A HREF="tag.html">tag</A> and the balancing end-tag.  In <A HREF="costwish.html">costwish</A> the content is all the ASCII text (<A HREF="cdata.html">CDATA</A>) inclusing that within enclosed elements (butr excluding the tags themselves).
contentmodel.html:The description (in a <A HREF="dtd.html">DTD</A>) of the possible <A HREF="content.html">content</A> of an <A HREF="element.html">element</A>, usually a mixture of subelements and #<A HREF="pcdata.html">PCDATA</A>.  These can be combined in complex ways with occurrence indicators and connectors.
cost.html:A processor (written in <A HREF="tcl.html">tcl</A>/C by Joe English, from an earlier version by Klaus Harbo) for parsing, analysing and transforming <A HREF="esis.html">ESIS</A> streams output from <A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A> parsers.  
costwish.html:A <A HREF="tk.html">tk</A>-based extension of <A HREF="cost.html">CoST</A>, written by Peter Murray-Rust.  costwish provides a GUI interface which will <A HREF="render.html">render</A> an arbitrary <A HREF="dtd.html">DTD</A> and support search and processing operations.
datacharacter.html:Characters other than <A HREF="markup.html">markup</A>, which make up the <A HREF="content.html">content</A> of elements
declaration.html:The <A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A> declaration defines what characters are used for <A HREF="markup.html">markup</A>, any limitations on <A HREF="tag.html">tag</A>-length or attributes, and what SGML options are used.  It must be present, and if omitted a default is assumed.  Unfortunately the default is so restrictive (e.g. GIs must be = 8 chars) that it only works with a few DTDs.  In practice it is used to switch on some SGML options for minimising documents (which are increasingly deprecated).  Omitting the SGML declaration is a rich source of impenetrable errors for newcomers.  
delimiter.html:A <A HREF="character.html">character</A> (or characters) which start and end a piece of information.  The normal delimiters for <A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A> tags are "" and "".
doctype.html:A mandatory line at the start of an <A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A> <A HREF="document.html">document</A> instance indicating what <A HREF="dtd.html">DTD</A> is used in the construction of the document.
document.html:A structured piece of information.  A document could be spread over several files (if general entities are used).  An <A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A> <A HREF="documentinstance.html">document instance</A> must start with a !<A HREF="doctype.html">DOCTYPE</A>... line.
documentinstance.html:A <A HREF="document.html">document</A> that conforms to an <A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A> <A HREF="dtd.html">DTD</A>.  
dsssl.html:Document Style <A HREF="semantics.html">Semantics</A> and Specification Language.  An <A HREF="iso.html">ISO</A> standard for style sheets.  Impressive.  <A HREF="cost.html">CoST</A> is modelled to some extent on this philosophy.
dtd.html:A set of grammatical rules describing the allowed structure of a conforming <A HREF="document.html">document</A>.  All <A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A> document instances must conform to a DTD.  The DTD describes which ELEMENTs are allowed where in the document and what their attributes and <A HREF="content.html">content</A> can be.  The DTD is <A HREF="required.html">required</A> when a document is  parsed.
element.html:Part of a marked-up <A HREF="document.html">document</A>.  Elements may contain other elements, specific data types (e.g. #<A HREF="pcdata.html">PCDATA</A>), or be <A HREF="empty.html">EMPTY</A>.  Every element has a <A HREF="gi.html">GI</A> which appears in the starttag (and endtag if present).  A <A HREF="dtd.html">DTD</A> is used to define ELEMENTs with the corresponding GIs, <A HREF="content.html">content</A> model, and (optional)  attributes (<A HREF="attlist.html">ATTLIST</A>) and content.
empty.html:An <A HREF="element.html">element</A> with a <A HREF="content.html">content</A> model of EMPTY can have nothing between the start-<A HREF="tag.html">tag</A> and end-tag (e.g. BR/BR).  It is common to omit (<A HREF="omittag.html">OMITTAG</A>) the end-tag, though this results in a non-normalised <A HREF="document.html">document</A>.
endtag.html:The <A HREF="markup.html">markup</A> information denoting the end of an <A HREF="element.html">element</A> and (usually) contained within /....  An end <A HREF="tag.html">tag</A> may not contain attributes.  
entity.html:This term is widely used in  <A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A> and covers a lot of concepts.  It took me a lot of time  to get on top of it.  In some cases, SGML can be seen as way of  managing entities and <A HREF="sgmls.html">sgmls</A> has an entity manager.   Simplifying greatly, there are several two types of entity you will encounter: <A HREF="parameterentity.html">Parameter Entity</A> and <A HREF="generalentity.html">General Entity</A>.
entityset.html:Characters outside the <A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A> <A HREF="character.html">character</A> set (CHARSET - usually 32-127) can be defined in subsiary files (e.g. <A HREF="iso.html">iso</A>-grk4.ent).  They are refernced by general entities (e.g. alpha;) which are resolved (via the <A HREF="catalog.html">catalog</A> mechanism) into data in these files.  What happens then is postprocessor-dependent but could <A HREF="include.html">include</A> instructions for conversion to <A HREF="tex.html">TeX</A> ('\aplha') which could then be typeset.  
escape.html:When a <A HREF="character.html">character</A> is <A HREF="required.html">required</A> literately it may have to be escaped into a sequence of characters which are not seen as part of the <A HREF="markup.html">markup</A>.  Thus "" is escaped to lt;
esis.html:Element Structure Information Set. The output from a normalising parser (such as <A HREF="sgmls.html">sgmls</A>).  It contains all the attributes of all elements (evn if not explicitly in the original  <A HREF="document.html">document</A>), all the endtags (even for <A HREF="empty.html">EMPTY</A> elements) and  with resolution of all the entities.
eventstream.html:Some documents (e.g. hypertext) can be thought of as a stream of text interspersed with on/off instructions (e.g. bold-on...bold-off).  This approach is called event-driven and the occurrence of a <A HREF="tag.html">tag</A> is an event which causes a postprocessing operation.
fpi.html:A <A HREF="document.html">document</A> (especially a <A HREF="dtd.html">DTD</A> or <A HREF="entity.html">entity</A> set) can be given a <A HREF="public.html">public</A> identifier which is independent of file names, etc.  This identifier can be authenticated by an organisation (e.g. <A HREF="iso.html">ISO</A>) and can then be used anywhere to refer to that document.  Example:'PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN"' can be used to refer to Version 2.0 of the HTML DTD and 'PUBLIC "ISO 8879:1986//ENTITIES Added Latin 1//EN"' to the ISO entities for additional Latin charcaters-1.  A strict HTML <A HREF="documentinstance.html">document instance</A> should begin with a <A HREF="doctype.html">DOCTYPE</A> like: !DOCTYPE PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN";
generalentity.html:These are variables which can be substituted  within the <A HREF="document.html">document</A> instance.  They can be defined but NOT substituted in the <A HREF="dtd.html">DTD</A> (use parameter entities).  They are denoted by somestring which is  substituted when encountered later.  They are a useful way of (a) providing symbolic filenames in the <A HREF="documentinstance.html">document instance</A> (i.e, 'INCLUDEing' other files) and (b) providing string substitution in the document instance (e.g. alpha; can be looked up in the <A HREF="entity.html">entity</A> sets and substituted by a greek alpha (if we have one!)
gi.html:The name of a <A HREF="tag.html">tag</A> (e.g. B has the GI 'B').  GIs occur as nodes  in the <A HREF="esis.html">ESIS</A> tree, but not all nodes correspond to GIs.
hytime.html:A multimedia application of <A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A>.
id.html:SGML has a mechanism for creating links between parts of a <A HREF="document.html">document</A>.  The target is a <A HREF="tag.html">tag</A> with an <A HREF="attribute.html">attribute</A> of type ID (usefully called ID if possible) and the reference is from a tag with attribute of type <A HREF="idref.html">IDREF</A>.  All IDREFs MUST be resolved within a document and all IDs must be unique.
idref.html:SGML has a mechanism for creating links between parts of a <A HREF="document.html">document</A>.  The target is a <A HREF="tag.html">tag</A> with an <A HREF="attribute.html">attribute</A> of type <A HREF="id.html">ID</A> (usefully called ID if possible) and the reference is from a tag with attribute of type IDREF.  All IDREFs MUST be resolved within a document and all IDs must be unique.
ignore.html:(Controlling a <A HREF="markedsection.html">marked section</A>).  Do not <A HREF="include.html">include</A> the contents of the marked section in processing.  (Normally communicated through a parameter <A HREF="entity.html">entity</A> which may have the values INCLUDE or IGNORE).  e.g. [ %flag [ addinfo; ]] will ignore the entity addinfo if %flag is set to IGNORE.
implied.html:(In <A HREF="attlist.html">ATTLIST</A> in <A HREF="dtd.html">DTD</A>).  Such an <A HREF="attribute.html">attribute</A> can be omitted and its defaule value (if any) supplied from the DTD.
include.html:(Controlling a <A HREF="markedsection.html">marked section</A>).  Include the contents of the marked section in processing.  (Normally communicated through a parameter <A HREF="entity.html">entity</A> which may have the values INCLUDE or <A HREF="ignore.html">IGNORE</A>).  e.g. [ %flag [ addinfo; ]] will include the entity addinfo if %flag is set to INCLUDE.
litlen.html:(<A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A> <A HREF="declaration.html">declaration</A>).  The maximum allowed value of a literal in <A HREF="markup.html">markup</A> (esp. an <A HREF="attribute.html">attribute</A> value.)  The default, 32, is ludicrously small, and forces the use of an SGML declaration with most <A HREF="document.html">document</A> instances.
markedsection.html:A part of a <A HREF="document.html">document</A> (either a <A HREF="dtd.html">DTD</A> or a <A HREF="documentinstance.html">document instance</A>) which is marked for conditional processing (i.e. it can be INCLUDEd or IGNOREd depending on the value of a parameter <A HREF="entity.html">entity</A>.  
markup.html:Adding <A HREF="meta.html">meta</A>-data to a <A HREF="document.html">document</A> to describe the <A HREF="content.html">content</A> and attributes of the  document.  Markup often involves embedding  tags in the text.
meta.html:A <A HREF="system.html">system</A> (language, <A HREF="document.html">document</A>, etc.) that describes another system.  <A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A> is a meta-language (allowing DTDs to be constructed) and <A HREF="markup.html">markup</A> is meta-data.
mime.html:Multimedia Internet Mail Extension.  A standard for exchanging electronic documents over the Internet (e.g. via mail or WWW).  <A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A> documents have the MIME type text/sgml; when recieved the <A HREF="dtd.html">DTD</A> could then be reovered from the <A HREF="doctype.html">DOCTYPE</A> and applied, assuming you know where to find the DTD and processing software.
minimisation.html:SGML allows for 'predictable' <A HREF="markup.html">markup</A> to be omitted if <A HREF="required.html">required</A> (e.g. when it is obvious where an end-<A HREF="tag.html">tag</A> should be).  Examples are SHORTAG, <A HREF="omittag.html">OMITTAG</A>, <A HREF="shortref.html">SHORTREF</A>, etc.  They were introduced to save keystrokes for manually produced documents, but may people (including me) belive that minimisation causes many more problems than it solves, including making <A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A> much more unfriendly.  Removing all minimisation yields normalised documents.
modelgroup.html:The part of a <A HREF="content.html">content</A> model that specifies what is allowed within an <A HREF="element.html">element</A>. 
namelen.html:(<A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A> <A HREF="declaration.html">declaration</A>).  The maximum length of any name (e.g. an <A HREF="attribute.html">attribute</A> name) in a <A HREF="dtd.html">DTD</A>.  Most regrettably the default is 8.  This means that unless you add an SGML declaration to upgrade NAMELEN, many documents will not <A HREF="parse.html">parse</A> (a common source of errors).
node.html:A point in a graph where edges meet.  In a tree, a branching point.  In the graph-theoretical representation of an <A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A> <A HREF="document.html">document</A> (as in <A HREF="cost.html">CoST</A>) all elements corespond to nodes; an <A HREF="element.html">element</A> with subelements maps onto a node with subnodes.   Each node has an ordered list of children, and an unordered set of named attributes. Every node except the <A HREF="root.html">root</A> node has a unique <A HREF="parent.html">parent</A>.
normalisation.html:If there is no <A HREF="minimisation.html">minimisation</A> in a <A HREF="document.html">document</A> it is said to be normalised (i.e. a valid document could be parsed without knowledge of the <A HREF="element.html">ELEMENT</A> and <A HREF="attlist.html">ATTLIST</A> fields in the <A HREF="dtd.html">DTD</A>.).  There is no reason (even thinking about disk space) why documents created by program should not be normalised.
notation.html:Provision for including non-<A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A> data in a <A HREF="document.html">document</A> instance (e.g. for graphics, <A HREF="tex.html">TeX</A>, etc.).  
occurrenceindicator.html:A symbol in a <A HREF="modelgroup.html">model group</A> showing how many times a <A HREF="subelement.html">subelement</A> can occur: "*" means any number including zero; "+" means one or more; "?" means at most one.
omittag.html:A flag in the <A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A> <A HREF="declaration.html">declaration</A> specifying that certain (obvious) tags can be omitted in <A HREF="document.html">document</A> instances.  This is most common for <A HREF="empty.html">EMPTY</A> elements (end-<A HREF="tag.html">tag</A>) or where the end-tag is unambiguously <A HREF="required.html">required</A> by another tag (e.g. ABgrot/A has an 'obvious' /B tag after 'grot'). Not usuable in normalised documents.
parameterentity.html:These are string variables which can be substituted  within the <A HREF="dtd.html">DTD</A> and <A HREF="prolog.html">prolog</A> and for controlling marked sections in the  <A HREF="document.html">document</A> instance.  They may NOT be substituted in the text of the document itself (use general entities).  They are denoted by %somestring which is  substituted when encountered later.  They are a useful way of providing symbolic filenames to the DTD (but not in a <A HREF="documentinstance.html">document instance</A>).
parent.html:A <A HREF="subelement.html">subelement</A> contained in an <A HREF="element.html">element</A> corresponds to a subnode with a parent <A HREF="node.html">node</A>.
parse.html:To perform lexical analysis and parsing on an <A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A> <A HREF="document.html">document</A>. A validating parser will also throw errors indicating an incorrect document.  (These could be incorrect SGML <A HREF="syntax.html">syntax</A>, a document not consistent with a <A HREF="dtd.html">DTD</A>, missing entities, etc.) A parser such as <A HREF="sgmls.html">sgmls</A> will also output an <A HREF="esis.html">ESIS</A> stream.
pcdata.html:Parsed <A HREF="character.html">Character</A> Data.  Characters in marked up text which are not part of the <A HREF="markup.html">markup</A>.  In practice, 'ASCII text' outside tags.  Note that "" cannot occur in PCDATA and should be escaped to lt;.  (In DTDs, PCDATA is indicated by '#PCDATA').
pi.html:Processing instruction.  This is an instruction to the processing software to do something and is not part of the <A HREF="document.html">document</A>'s <A HREF="content.html">content</A>.  I have never used it
prolog.html:The part of an <A HREF="sgml.html">sgml</A> <A HREF="document.html">document</A> that comes after the <A HREF="declaration.html">declaration</A> and before the <A HREF="documentinstance.html">document instance</A>.  (I'm not actually very sure of this!)
public.html:A keyword (in a <A HREF="dtd.html">DTD</A> or <A HREF="document.html">document</A> instance) signifying that a string is an <A HREF="fpi.html">FPI</A> and should be resolved (probably via the <A HREF="catalog.html">catalog</A>).  
referenceconcretesyntax.html:The <A HREF="syntax.html">syntax</A> (i.e. "" and "") defined in the <A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A> standard and used by the default SGML <A HREF="declaration.html">declaration</A> and nearly everyone.
render.html:To display a <A HREF="document.html">document</A> visually, usually by formatting and typography, but also graphically (for graphs, pictures, molecules, etc.)  How a document is rendered is left to the postprocessing stage, through a mixture of stylesheets and software.
required.html:(In <A HREF="attlist.html">ATTLIST</A> in <A HREF="dtd.html">DTD</A>).  An <A HREF="attribute.html">attribute</A> with a #REQUIRED flag must be included in all appropriate start-tags in a <A HREF="document.html">document</A> instance.
root.html:The root <A HREF="node.html">node</A> is the top of the <A HREF="document.html">document</A> tree and does not correspond to a <A HREF="tag.html">tag</A>.  Its only <A HREF="child.html">child</A> is a a node whose <A HREF="gi.html">GI</A> is the <A HREF="doctype.html">doctype</A> of the document.
sdata.html:System data (?). Data defined by a general <A HREF="entity.html">entity</A> (e.g. alpha;) is SDATA and its processing and rendering depends on the local <A HREF="system.html">system</A>.
semantics.html:The process of adding meaning to <A HREF="syntax.html">syntax</A>.  Thus B could have the semantics of making the contained text bold.
sgml.html:An <A HREF="iso.html">ISO</A> standard (8879) for the <A HREF="markup.html">markup</A> of documents.  A good reference is A HREF="http://www.sil.org/"Robin Cover's page/A
sgmlapplication.html:The use of a <A HREF="dtd.html">DTD</A> and (hopefully) processing rules to define how documents should be created and interpreted.  An application is independent of its implementation of which there could be many.
sgmls.html:A validating parser from J.Clark which produces a (normalised) <A HREF="esis.html">ESIS</A> stream.
shortref.html:Another <A HREF="minimisation.html">minimisation</A> device which allows the parser to deduce the presence of a <A HREF="tag.html">tag</A> even though there is no explicit <A HREF="markup.html">markup</A>.  Highly deprecated (by me, at least).  
shorttag.html:Another <A HREF="minimisation.html">minimisation</A> device (must be set in the <A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A> <A HREF="declaration.html">declaration</A>) whereby tags (especially end-tags) can be abbreviated (e.g. Ajunk/, where the end-<A HREF="tag.html">tag</A> is shortened from /A).  Not consistent with normalised documents.
sibling.html:Two subnodes at with the same <A HREF="parent.html">parent</A> are siblings.  The one that occurs earlier in the <A HREF="document.html">document</A> is the elder sibling (esib) and the other is the younger sibling (ysib).
starttag.html:The <A HREF="markup.html">markup</A> information denoting the start of an <A HREF="element.html">element</A> and (usually) contained within ....  A start <A HREF="tag.html">tag</A> may contain attributes.  
stylesheet.html:A set of instructions (possibly in <A HREF="dsssl.html">DSSSL</A>) showing how a parsed <A HREF="document.html">document</A> instance should be rendered (formatted) or otherwise processed.
subdoc.html:(<A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A> <A HREF="declaration.html">declaration</A>).  Allows documents to be constructed from entities which use different DTDs.  I've never used it, and I'm not sure whether <A HREF="cost.html">CoST</A> supports it.
subelement.html:An <A HREF="element.html">element</A> conatined within another element (and therefore part of its <A HREF="content.html">content</A> model).
syntax.html:The description of a language without any added interpretation (<A HREF="semantics.html">semantics</A>).  Thus FOOjunk/BAR is syntactically invalid <A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A> (in a normalised <A HREF="document.html">document</A>).
sysid.html:System Identifier.  A filename for an <A HREF="entity.html">entity</A> (particularly one referenced in a <A HREF="catalog.html">catalog</A>).
system.html:A keyword (in a <A HREF="dtd.html">DTD</A> or a <A HREF="document.html">document</A> instance) signifying that a string should be interpreted as a filename on the local system.  This can be problematic (it may be difficult to determine which directory the file is in) and the <A HREF="public.html">PUBLIC</A> <A HREF="fpi.html">FPI</A> mechanism should be used for DTDs and general entities if possible.
tag.html:A string of text (usually of form ...) marking up part of a  <A HREF="document.html">document</A>.  A Start-tag/end-tag combination (e.g. H2.../H2 is often used to contain chunks of material (elements).  A Start-tag may contain attributes.
tcl.html:Tool Control Language.  A powerful interpreted language used by <A HREF="cost.html">CoST</A> and <A HREF="costwish.html">costwish</A>.
tex.html:A typesetting language developed by Donald Knuth and highly regarded.  Parsed <A HREF="sgml.html">SGML</A> documents are often processed into TeX for typesetting or conversion into PostScript.
tk.html:The graphical extension to <A HREF="tcl.html">tcl</A>.
toc.html:A <A HREF="document.html">document</A> can often be structured hierarchically and presented as a table of contents (as in <A HREF="costwish.html">costwish</A>)
traverse.html:To follow a route through a <A HREF="document.html">document</A>, either via the structure-tree or through hyperlinks (or both).
